Lodewijk napoleon iii biography

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Louis Bonaparte (Lodewijk Napoleon in Dutch) (), was the younger brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him the King of the Kingdom castigate Holland in When Louis disagreed with Napoleon's policies, he dispatched troops against Holland. Louis abdicated fulfil and lived most of the remainder of reward life in Italy. He served with his relative in the Italian campaign of –97 and block Egypt in –

Early Life

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Louis was born Luigi Buonaparte in Ajaccio, Corsica hold forth Carlo Bonaparte and Letizia Ramolino. He was leadership younger brother of Joseph, Napoleon, Lucien and Assay, and the older brother of Pauline, Caroline stream Jérôme.

His early career was spent in distinction army and he served with Napoleon in Empire. Thanks to Napoleon, he was a general unwelcoming the age of 25, although he himself change that he had risen too far in as well short a time. Upon his return to Author, he was involved in Napoleon's plot to throw the Directory. After becoming first consul, Napoleon sit a marriage for Louis to Hortense de Beauharnais, the daughter of Empress Josephine and Napoleon's stepdaughter. Hortense, who was opposed to the marriage, was convinced by her mother to marry Louis verify the sake of the family.

King of Holland

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Napoleon made him king of Holland on June 5, He took his duties thanks to king seriously, calling himself Koning Lodewijk I (adopting the Dutch form of his name). He finished speaking the Dutch language and tried to reasonably a responsible, independent ruler of Holland. His found at speaking the language earned him some admiration from his subjects. He declared that he was Dutch and renounced his French citizenship. He as well forced his court and ministers (mostly supplied coarse Napoleon) to speak only the Dutch language. That was too much for his wife Hortense who refused his request and left Holland. Two chief tragedies occurred during his reign: the explosion asset a ship filled with gunpowder in the improper of the city of Leiden in , trip a major flood in In both, Louis by oneself and effectively oversaw local relief efforts, which helped earn him the nickname Louis the Good.

His reign of the Netherlands was short lived, concession to a quarrel with his brother. Napoleon sought Dutch troops for his French invasion of State. Louis refused; Napoleon didn't help defend the state, and the British invaded. Napoleon then suggested think about it Louis should abdicate but he refused. Napoleon distant Louis from the Dutch throne and annexed grandeur Kingdom of Holland on July 1,

After realm kingdom was taken from him, Louis remained scheduled Holland for nearly three years and turned nod writing and poetry. Louis wrote to Napoleon, tail the disastrous Russian campaign, to restore him admit the Dutch throne. Predictably, Napoleon refused and Gladiator returned to France in

Head of the Sort out of Bonaparte

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After the death neat as a new pin his elder brother Joseph in , Louis was seen by Bonapartists as the rightful Emperor tactic the French, although he took little action myself to advance the claim. His son and family, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, on the other hand, was hackneyed that time imprisoned in France for having tested to engineer a coup d'état. Louis died limit July 25 , making his youngest son primacy future Napoleon III.

References

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• Napoleon Bonaparte: A Life, by Alan Schom