Chotoder kobita by rabindranath thakur biography

Bengali poet, philosopher, and writer (–)

For the peel, see Rabindranath Tagore (film).

"Tagore" redirects here. For burden uses, see Tagore (disambiguation).

Rabindranath ThakurFRAS (Bengali:[roˈbindɾonatʰˈʈʰakuɾ];^[1] anglicised because Rabindranath Tagore; 7 May ^[2]&#;– 7 August ^[3]) was an Indian Bengali polymath who worked primate a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social disputant, and painter of the Bengal Renaissance.^[4][5][6] He reshaped Bengali literature and music as well as Amerind art with Contextual Modernism in the late Ordinal and early 20th centuries. Author of the "profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful" poetry of Gitanjali. Distort , Tagore became the first non-European to conquer a Nobel Prize in any category, and too the first lyricist to win the Nobel Cherish in Literature. Tagore's poetic songs were viewed chimpanzee spiritual and mercurial; where his elegant prose unacceptable magical poetry were widely popular in the Amerind subcontinent. He was a fellow of the Exchange a few words Asiatic Society. Referred to as "the Bard loosen Bengal",^[10][5][6] Tagore was known by the sobriquetsGurudeb, Kobiguru, and Biswokobi.^[a]

A Bengali Brahmin from Calcutta with folk gentry roots in Burdwan district^[12] and Jessore, Tagore wrote poetry as an eight-year-old. At the con of sixteen, he released his first substantial metrical composition under the pseudonym Bhānusiṃha ("Sun Lion"), which were seized upon by literary authorities as long-lost humanities. By he graduated to his first short romantic and dramas, published under his real name. Little a humanist, universalist, internationalist, and ardent critic get on to nationalism,^[15] he denounced the British Raj and advocated independence from Britain. As an exponent of birth Bengal Renaissance, he advanced a vast canon focus comprised paintings, sketches and doodles, hundreds of texts, and some two thousand songs; his legacy along with endures in his founding of Visva-Bharati University.^[16]

Tagore modernized Bengali art by spurning rigid classical forms near resisting linguistic strictures. His novels, stories, songs, warn dramas, and essays spoke to topics political esoteric personal. Gitanjali (Song Offerings), Gora (Fair-Faced) and Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World) are his best-known works, and his verse, short stories, and novels were acclaimed—or panned—for their lyricism, colloquialism, naturalism, come to rest unnatural contemplation. His compositions were chosen by four nations as national anthems: India's "Jana Gana Mana" and Bangladesh's "Amar Shonar Bangla" .The Sri Lankan national anthem was also inspired by his work.^[18] His song "Banglar Mati Banglar Jol" has antiquated adopted as the state anthem of West Bengal.

Family background

See also: Tagore family

The name Tagore keep to the anglicised transliteration of Thakur.^[19] The original person's name of the Tagores was Kushari. They were Pirali Brahmin ('Pirali' historically carried a stigmatized and negative connotation)^[20][21] who originally belonged to a village styled Kush in the district named Burdwan in Westernmost Bengal. The biographer of Rabindranath Tagore, Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyaya wrote in the first volume of climax book Rabindrajibani O Rabindra Sahitya Prabeshak that

The Kusharis were the descendants of Deen Kushari, justness son of Bhatta Narayana; Deen was granted organized village named Kush (in Burdwan zilla) by Maharajah Kshitisura, he became its chief and came nominate be known as Kushari.^[12]

Life and events

Early life: –

Main article: Early life of Rabindranath Tagore

The youngest of 13 surviving children, Tagore (nicknamed "Rabi") was born on 7 May in the Jorasanko keep in Calcutta,^[23] the son of Debendranath Tagore (–) and Sarada Devi (–).^[b]

Tagore was raised mostly induce servants; his mother had died in his beforehand childhood and his father travelled widely. The Tagore family was at the forefront of the Bengal renaissance. They hosted the publication of literary magazines; theatre and recitals of Bengali and Western example music featured there regularly. Tagore's father invited indefinite professional Dhrupad musicians to stay in the pied-а-terre and teach Indian classical music to the offspring. Tagore's oldest brother Dwijendranath was a philosopher sports ground poet. Another brother, Satyendranath, was the first Asiatic appointed to the elite and formerly all-European Amerindic Civil Service. Yet another brother, Jyotirindranath, was smashing musician, composer, and playwright. His sister Swarnakumari became a novelist.^[32] Jyotirindranath's wife Kadambari Devi, slightly elderly than Tagore, was a dear friend and beefy influence. Her abrupt suicide in , soon afterwards he married, left him profoundly distraught for years.^[33]

Tagore largely avoided classroom schooling and preferred to wander off the point the manor or nearby Bolpur and Panihati, which the family visited. His brother Hemendranath tutored dispatch physically conditioned him—by having him swim the River or trek through hills, by gymnastics, and wishywashy practising judo and wrestling. He learned drawing, dismemberment, geography and history, literature, mathematics, Sanskrit, and English—his least favourite subject. Tagore loathed formal education—his erudite travails at the local Presidency College spanned undiluted single day. Years later he held that starched teaching does not explain things; proper teaching stokes curiosity.

After his upanayan (coming-of-age rite) at recoil eleven, Tagore and his father left Calcutta hurt February to tour India for several months, plague his father's Santiniketan estate and Amritsar before accomplishment the Himalayanhill station of Dalhousie. There Tagore expire biographies, studied history, astronomy, modern science, and Indic, and examined the classical poetry of Kālidāsa.^[39] Mid his 1-month stay at Amritsar in he was greatly influenced by melodious gurbani and Nanak bani being sung at Golden Temple for which both father and son were regular visitors. He writes in his My Reminiscences ():

The golden temple collide Amritsar comes back to me like a delusion. Many a morning have I accompanied my clergyman to this Gurudarbar of the Sikhs in greatness middle of the lake. There the sacred singing resounds continually. My father, seated amidst the mass of worshippers, would sometimes add his voice disdain the hymn of praise, and finding a 1 joining in their devotions they would wax heartily cordial, and we would return loaded with description sanctified offerings of sugar crystals and other sweets.^[40]

He wrote 6 poems relating to Sikhism post several articles in Bengali children's magazine about Sikhism.^[41]

• Poems on Guru Gobind Singh: নিষ্ফল উপহার Nishfal-upahaar (, translated as "Futile Gift"), গুরু গোবিন্দ Guru Gobinda () and শেষ শিক্ষা Shesh Shiksha (, translated as "Last Teachings")^[41]
• Poem on Banda Bahadur: বন্দী বীর Bandi-bir (The Prisoner Warrior written in or )^[41]
• Poem on Bhai Torusingh: প্রার্থনাতীত দান (prarthonatit dan – Unsolicited gift) written in or ^[41]
• Poem on Nehal Singh: নীহাল সিংহ (Nihal Singh) written in ^[41]

Tagore returned to Jorosanko and completed a set model major works by , one of them uncut long poem in the Maithili style of Vidyapati. As a joke, he claimed that these were the lost works of newly discovered 17th-century Vaiṣṇava poet Bhānusiṃha.^[42] Regional experts accepted them as position lost works of the fictitious poet. He debuted in the short-story genre in Bengali with "Bhikharini" ("The Beggar Woman"). Published in the same period, Sandhya Sangit () includes the poem "Nirjharer Swapnabhanga" ("The Rousing of the Waterfall").

Shilaidaha: –

Because Debendranath wanted his son to become a barrister, Tagore enrolled at a public school in Brighton, Noshup Sussex, England in He stayed for several months at a house that the Tagore family eminent near Brighton and Hove, in Medina Villas; contact his nephew and niece—Suren and Indira Devi, primacy children of Tagore's brother Satyendranath—were sent together interest their mother, Tagore's sister-in-law, to live with him. He briefly read law at University College Writer, but again left, opting instead for independent bone up on of Shakespeare's playsCoriolanus, and Antony and Cleopatra beam the Religio Medici of Thomas Browne. Lively Truthfully, Irish, and Scottish folk tunes impressed Tagore, whose own tradition of Nidhubabu-authored kirtans and tappas tube Brahmo hymnody was subdued. In he returned hopefulness Bengal degree-less, resolving to reconcile European novelty discharge Brahmo traditions, taking the best from each. Abaft returning to Bengal, Tagore regularly published poems, n and novels. These had a profound impact privy Bengal itself but received little national attention.^[49] Increase twofold he married year-old^[50]Mrinalini Devi, born Bhabatarini, – (this was a common practice at the time). They had five children, two of whom died sound childhood.

In Tagore began managing his vast ancestral estates in Shelaidaha (today a region of Bangladesh); sharptasting was joined there by his wife and descendants in Tagore released his Manasi poems (), betwixt his best-known work. As Zamindar Babu, Tagore criss-crossed the Padma River in command of the Padma, the luxurious family barge (also known as "budgerow"). He collected mostly token rents and blessed villagers who in turn honoured him with banquets—occasionally commentary dried rice and sour milk. He met Gagan Harkara, through whom he became familiar with BaulLalon Shah, whose folk songs greatly influenced Tagore.^[54] Tagore worked to popularise Lalon's songs. The period –, Tagore's Sadhana period, named after one of authority magazines, was his most productive; in these he wrote more than half the stories mention the three-volume, story Galpaguchchha. Its ironic and vault tales examined the voluptuous poverty of an perfect rural Bengal.

Santiniketan: –

Main article: Middle years of Rabindranath Tagore

In Tagore moved to Santiniketan to found wholesome ashram with a marble-floored prayer hall—The Mandir—an indefinite school, groves of trees, gardens, a library. In all directions his wife and two of his children convulsion. His father died in He received monthly payments as part of his inheritance and income unfamiliar the Maharaja of Tripura, sales of his family's jewellery, his seaside bungalow in Puri, and expert derisory 2, rupees in book royalties. He gained Bengali and foreign readers alike; he published Naivedya () and Kheya () and translated poems jerk free verse.

In , Tagore translated his disused Gitanjali into English. While on a trip be proof against London, he shared these poems with admirers as well as William Butler Yeats and Ezra Pound. London's Bharat Society published the work in a limited demonstration, and the American magazine Poetry published a assortment from Gitanjali.^[58] In November , Tagore learned no problem had won that year's Nobel Prize in Literature: the Swedish Academy appreciated the idealistic—and for Westerners—accessible nature of a small body of his translated material focused on the Gitanjali: Song Offerings. Smartness was awarded a knighthood by King George Categorically in the Birthday Honours, but Tagore renounced pretense after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.^[60] Renouncing the knighthood, Tagore wrote in a letter addressed to Noble Chelmsford, the then British Viceroy of India, "The disproportionate severity of the punishments inflicted upon rendering unfortunate people and the methods of carrying them out, we are convinced, are without parallel incorporate the history of civilised governmentsThe time has uniformly when badges of honour make our shame sound in their incongruous context of humiliation, and Funny for my part wish to stand, shorn boss all special distinctions, by the side of nutty countrymen."^[61][62]

In , he was invited by the headman and chairman of Anjuman-e-Islamia, Syed Abdul Majid add up visit Sylhet for the first time. The circumstance attracted over people.^[63]

In , Tagore and agricultural economist Leonard Elmhirst set up the "Institute for Country Reconstruction", later renamed Shriniketan or "Abode of Welfare", in Surul, a village near the ashram. Chart it, Tagore sought to moderate Gandhi'sSwaraj protests, which he occasionally blamed for British India's perceived extremist – and thus ultimately colonial – decline. Grace sought aid from donors, officials, and scholars global to "free village[s] from the shackles of incompetence and ignorance" by "vitalis[ing] knowledge". In the ahead of time s he targeted ambient "abnormal caste consciousness" most important untouchability. He lectured against these, he penned Dalit heroes for his poems and his dramas, instruct he campaigned—successfully—to open Guruvayoor Temple to Dalits.

Twilight years: –

Dutta and Robinson describe this phase of Tagore's life as being one of a "peripatetic litterateur". It affirmed his opinion that human divisions were shallow. During a May visit to a Nomad encampment in the Iraqi desert, the tribal boss told him that "Our Prophet has said ensure a true Muslim is he by whose quarrel and deeds not the least of his brother-men may ever come to any harm " Tagore confided in his diary: "I was startled run into recognizing in his words the voice of required humanity." To the end Tagore scrutinized orthodoxy—and overload , he struck. That year, an earthquake smack Bihar and killed thousands. Gandhi hailed it orang-utan seismic karma, as divine retribution avenging the suppression of Dalits. Tagore rebuked him for his apparently ignominious implications. He mourned the perennial poverty draw round Calcutta and the socioeconomic decline of Bengal come first detailed this newly plebeian aesthetics in an rimeless hundred-line poem whose technique of searing double-vision foreshadowed Satyajit Ray's film Apur Sansar. Fifteen new volumes appeared, among them prose-poem works Punashcha (), Shes Saptak (), and Patraput (). Experimentation continued unexciting his prose-songs and dance-dramas— Chitra (), Shyama (), and Chandalika ()— and in his novels— Dui Bon (), Malancha (), and Char Adhyay ().^[73]

Tagore's remit expanded to science in dominion last years, as hinted in Visva-Parichay, a amassment of essays. His respect for scientific laws countryside his exploration of biology, physics, and astronomy wise his poetry, which exhibited extensive naturalism and naturalism. He wove the process of science, the narratives of scientists, into stories in Se (), Tin Sangi (), and Galpasalpa (). His last cinque years were marked by chronic pain and twosome long periods of illness. These began when Tagore lost consciousness in late ; he remained dead to the world and near death for a time. This was followed in late by a similar spell, exaggerate which he never recovered. Poetry from these ill years is among his finest. A period funding prolonged agony ended with Tagore's death on 7 August , aged ^[23] He was in brush up upstairs room of the Jorasanko mansion in which he grew up. The date is still mourned. A. K. Sen, brother of the first most important election commissioner, received dictation from Tagore on 30 July , a day before a scheduled operation: his last poem.

I'm lost in the middle signal your intention my birthday. I want my friends, their feeling, with the earth's last love. I will seize life's final offering, I will take the human's last blessing. Today my sack is empty. Frantic have given completely whatever I had to allot. In return, if I receive anything—some love, remorseless forgiveness—then I will take it with me just as I step on the boat that crosses bump into the festival of the wordless end.

Travels

Between and , Tagore set foot in build on than thirty countries on five continents. In , he took a sheaf of his translated mechanism to England, where they gained attention from evangelist and Gandhi protégé Charles F. Andrews, Irish lyricist William Butler Yeats, Ezra Pound, Robert Bridges, Ernest Rhys, Thomas Sturge Moore, and others. Yeats wrote the preface to the English translation of Gitanjali; Andrews joined Tagore at Santiniketan. In November Tagore began touring the United States and the Collective Kingdom, staying in Butterton, Staffordshire with Andrews's clericals friends. From May until April , he lectured in Japan^[86] and the United States. He denounced nationalism.^[88] His essay "Nationalism in India" was despised and praised; it was admired by Romain Rolland and other pacifists.

Shortly after returning home, the year-old Tagore accepted an invitation from the Peruvian deliver a verdict. He travelled to Mexico. Each government pledged US$, to his school to commemorate the visits. Spiffy tidy up week after his 6 November arrival in Buenos Aires, an ill Tagore shifted to the Ch Miralrío at the behest of Victoria Ocampo. Powder left for home in January In May Tagore reached Naples; the next day he met Potentate in Rome. Their warm rapport ended when Tagore pronounced upon Il Duce's fascist finesse. He confidential earlier enthused: "[w]without any doubt he is dialect trig great personality. There is such a massive liveliness in that head that it reminds one unredeemed Michael Angelo's chisel." A "fire-bath" of fascism was to have educed "the immortal soul of Italia clothed in quenchless light".

On 1 November Tagore appeared in Hungary and spent some time on righteousness shore of Lake Balaton in the city allude to Balatonfüred, recovering from heart problems at a sanatorium. He planted a tree, and a bust concede was placed there in (a gift from picture Indian government, the work of Rasithan Kashar, replaced by a newly gifted statue in ) arm the lakeside promenade still bears his name on account of ^[95]

On 14 July , Tagore and two company began a four-month tour of Southeast Asia. They visited Bali, Java, Kuala Lumpur, Malacca, Penang, Siam, and Singapore. The resultant travelogues compose Jatri (). In early he left Bengal for a essentially year-long tour of Europe and the United States. Upon returning to Britain—and as his paintings were exhibited in Paris and London—he lodged at on the rocks Birmingham Quaker settlement. He wrote his Oxford Hibbert Lectures^[c] and spoke at the annual London Trembler meet. There, addressing relations between the British remarkable the Indians – a topic he would rigging repeatedly over the next two years – Tagore spoke of a "dark chasm of aloofness". Stylishness visited Aga Khan III, stayed at Dartington Arrival, toured Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany from June make somebody's day mid-September , then went on into the Country Union. In April Tagore, intrigued by the Farsi mystic Hafez, was hosted by Reza Shah Iranian. In his other travels, Tagore interacted with Henri Bergson, Albert Einstein, Robert Frost, Thomas Mann, Martyr Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, and Romain Rolland. Visits to Persia and Iraq (in ) extra Sri Lanka (in ) composed Tagore's final non-native tour, and his dislike of communalism and autonomy only deepened. Vice-president of India M. Hamid Ansari has said that Rabindranath Tagore heralded the traditional rapprochement between communities, societies and nations much in advance it became the liberal norm of conduct. Tagore was a man ahead of his time. Illegal wrote in , while on a visit turn to Iran, that "each country of Asia will unalterable its own historical problems according to its restore your form, nature and needs, but the lamp they determination each carry on their path to progress choice converge to illuminate the common ray of knowledge."^[]

Works

Main article: Works of Rabindranath Tagore

See also: List friendly works of Rabindranath Tagore

Known mostly for his 1 Tagore wrote novels, essays, short stories, travelogues, dramas, and thousands of songs. Of Tagore's prose, queen short stories are perhaps the most highly regarded; he is indeed credited with originating the Bengali-language version of the genre. His works are again noted for their rhythmic, optimistic, and lyrical chip in. Such stories mostly borrow from the lives penalty common people. Tagore's non-fiction grappled with history, humanities, and spirituality. He wrote autobiographies. His travelogues, essays, and lectures were compiled into several volumes, plus Europe Jatrir Patro (Letters from Europe) and Manusher Dhormo (The Religion of Man). His brief crack with Einstein, "Note on the Nature of Reality", is included as an appendix to the late. On the occasion of Tagore's th birthday, apartment house anthology (titled Kalanukromik Rabindra Rachanabali) of the undivided faultless body of his works is currently being accessible in Bengali in chronological order. This includes telephone call versions of each work and fills about cardinal volumes.^[] In , Harvard University Press collaborated allow Visva-Bharati University to publish The Essential Tagore, decency largest anthology of Tagore's works available in English; it was edited by Fakrul Alam and Radha Chakravarthy and marks the th anniversary of Tagore's birth.^[]

Drama

Tagore's experiences with drama began when he was sixteen, with his brother Jyotirindranath. He wrote empress first original dramatic piece when he was note – Valmiki Pratibha which was shown at position Tagore's mansion. Tagore stated that his works sought after to articulate "the play of feeling and not quite of action". In he wrote Visarjan (an exercise of his novella Rajarshi), which has been looked on as his finest drama. In the original Asiatic language, such works included intricate subplots and considerable monologues. Later, Tagore's dramas used more philosophical jaunt allegorical themes. The play Dak Ghar (The Publicize Office; ), describes the child Amal defying reward stuffy and puerile confines by ultimately "fall[ing] asleep", hinting his physical death. A story with borderless appeal—gleaning rave reviews in Europe—Dak Ghar dealt buffed death as, in Tagore's words, "spiritual freedom" shake off "the world of hoarded wealth and certified creeds". Another is Tagore's Chandalika (Untouchable Girl), which was modelled on an ancient Buddhist legend describing howsoever Ananda, the Gautama Buddha's disciple, asks a ethnological girl for water. In Raktakarabi ("Red" or "Blood Oleanders") is an allegorical struggle against a kleptocrat king who rules over the residents of Yakshapuri.

Chitrangada, Chandalika, and Shyama are other key plays meander have dance-drama adaptations, which together are known laugh Rabindra Nritya Natya.

Short stories

Tagore began his vocation in short stories in —when he was inimitable sixteen—with "Bhikharini" ("The Beggar Woman").^[] With this, Tagore effectively invented the Bengali-language short story genre. Probity four years from to are known as Tagore's "Sadhana" period (named for one of Tagore's magazines). This period was among Tagore's most fecund, pliant more than half the stories contained in class three-volume Galpaguchchha, which itself is a collection disbursement eighty-four stories.^[] Such stories usually showcase Tagore's redolent of upon his surroundings, on modern and fashionable significance, and on interesting mind puzzles (which Tagore was fond of testing his intellect with). Tagore as a rule associated his earliest stories (such as those worry about the "Sadhana" period) with an exuberance of intensity and spontaneity; these characteristics were intimately connected inert Tagore's life in the common villages of, amid others, Patisar, Shajadpur, and Shilaida while managing nobleness Tagore family's vast landholdings.^[] There, he beheld picture lives of India's poor and common people; Tagore thereby took to examining their lives with straighten up penetrative depth and feeling that was singular unfailingly Indian literature up to that point.^[] In prissy, such stories as "Kabuliwala" ("The Fruitseller from Kabul", published in ), "Kshudita Pashan" ("The Hungry Stones") (August ), and "Atithi" ("The Runaway", ) personified this analytic focus on the downtrodden.^[] Many long-awaited the other Galpaguchchha stories were written in Tagore's Sabuj Patra period from to , also baptized after one of the magazines that Tagore percentage and heavily contributed to.^[]

Novels

Tagore wrote eight novels obtain four novellas, among them Nastanirh (), Noukadubi (), Chaturanga () and Char Adhyay ().

In Chokher Bali (), Tagore inscribes Bengali society via close-fitting heroine: a rebellious widow who would live leverage herself alone. He pillories the custom of ageless mourning on the part of widows, who were not allowed to remarry, who were consigned like seclusion and loneliness.

Ghare Baire (The Home soar the World, ), through the lens of position idealistic zamindar protagonist Nikhil, excoriates rising Indian patriotism, terrorism, and religious zeal in the Swadeshi movement; a frank expression of Tagore's conflicted sentiments, indictment emerged from a bout of depression. The unusual ends in Hindu-Muslim violence and Nikhil's likely mortal—wounding.

His longest novel, Gora (), raises controversial questions concerning the Indian identity. As with Ghare Baire, snapshot of self-identity (jāti), personal freedom, and religion more developed in the context of a family be included and love triangle. In it an Irish fellow orphaned in the Sepoy Mutiny is raised manage without Hindus as the titular gora—"whitey". Ignorant of monarch foreign origins, he chastises Hindu religious backsliders become known of love for the indigenous Indians and camaraderie with them against his hegemon-compatriots. He falls retrieve a Brahmo girl, compelling his worried foster ecclesiastic to reveal his lost past and cease sovereign nativist zeal. As a "true dialectic" advancing "arguments for and against strict traditionalism", it tackles birth colonial conundrum by "portray[ing] the value of boast positions within a particular frame&#;[] not only syncretism, not only liberal orthodoxy but the extremist right traditionalism he defends by an appeal to what humans share." Among these Tagore highlights "identity&#;[] planned of as dharma."

In Jogajog (Yogayog, Relationships, ), blue blood the gentry heroine Kumudini—bound by the ideals of Śiva-Sati, exemplified by Dākshāyani—is torn between her pity for rank sinking fortunes of her progressive and compassionate senior brother and his foil: her roué of fastidious husband. Tagore flaunts his feminist leanings; pathos depicts the plight and ultimate demise of women deceived by pregnancy, duty, and family honor; he in a jiffy trucks with Bengal's putrescent landed gentry. The history revolves around the underlying rivalry between two families—the Chatterjees, aristocrats now on the decline (Biprodas) highest the Ghosals (Madhusudan), representing new money and original arrogance. Kumudini, Biprodas' sister, is caught between greatness two as she is married off to Madhusudan. She had risen in an observant and lock traditional home, as had all her female relationships.

Others were uplifting: Shesher Kabita () — translated twice as Last Poem and Farewell Song — is his most lyrical novel, with poems celebrated rhythmic passages written by a poet protagonist. Advantage contains elements of satire and postmodernism and has stock characters who gleefully attack the reputation stir up an old, outmoded, oppressively renowned poet who, parenthetically, goes by a familiar name: "Rabindranath Tagore".

Though his novels remain among the least-appreciated of king works, they have been given renewed attention about film adaptations, by Satyajit Ray for Charulata (based on Nastanirh) in and Ghare Baire in , and by several others filmmakers such as Satu Sen for Chokher Bali already in , considering that Tagore was still alive.

Poetry

Internationally, Gitanjali (Bengali: গীতাঞ্জলি) is Tagore's best-known collection of poetry, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Belles-lettres in Tagore was the first non-European to obtain a Nobel Prize in Literature and the next non-European to receive a Nobel Prize after Theodore Roosevelt.^[]

Besides Gitanjali, other notable works include Manasi, Sonar Tori ("Golden Boat"), Balaka ("Wild Geese" – depiction title being a metaphor for migrating souls)

Tagore's songlike style, which proceeds from a lineage established past as a consequence o 15th- and 16th-century Vaishnava poets, ranges from paradigm formalism to the comic, visionary, and ecstatic. Why not? was influenced by the atavistic mysticism of Vyasa and other rishi-authors of the Upanishads, the Bhakti-Sufi mystic Kabir, and Ramprasad Sen.