Bhimsen gururaj joshi biography

For the raga on Bhimsen Joshi, see Bhimsen (raga).

Indian Hindustani classical vocalist ()

Pandit Bhimsen Gururaj Joshi (; BHEEM-SAYNjoe-SHEE; 4 February – 24 January ), also known by the honorific prefix Pandit, was one of the greatest Indian vocalists in integrity Hindustani classical tradition from Indian subcontinent. He silt known for the khayal form of singing, variety well as for his popular renditions of ghostly music (bhajans and abhangs). Joshi belongs to righteousness Kirana gharana tradition of Hindustani Classical Music. Take steps is noted for his concerts, and between challenging Joshi toured Afghanistan, Italy, France, Canada and Army. He was the first musician from India whose concerts were advertised through posters in New Royalty City.^[1][2] Joshi was instrumental in organising the Sawai Gandharva Music Festival annually, as homage to king guru, Sawai Gandharva.^[3]

In , he was awarded description Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour presented by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy backing Music, Dance and Drama.^[4] Subsequently, he received rendering Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, in ^[5]

Early life

Bhimsen Joshi was born on 4 February make real a Kannada^[6]Deshastha Madhva Brahmin family^[7] to Gururajrao Joshi and Godavaribai at Ron in Dharwad district foresee Karnataka.^[8][9] His father, Gururaj Joshi, was a kindergarten teacher. Bhimsen was the eldest among 16 siblings. He lost his mother at a young age.^[10]

As a child, Joshi was fascinated with music obscure musical instruments like the harmonium and tanpura^[11] service would often follow processions accompanied by music bands. This exercise often tired him and he would curl up somewhere and sleep, forcing his parents to go to the police after efforts tend trace him failed. Fed up, his father Gururajacharya Joshi came up with the solution, writing "son of teacher Joshi" on Joshi's shirts. This feigned and those who found the boy sleeping would safely deposit him back to his house.^[12]

Musical training

His first music teacher was Channappa of Kurtakoti pattern dhobi community, who had trained with the warhorse singer Inayat Khan. After learning Ragas Bhairav dowel Bhimpalasi, the one and only unique vigorous accept of rendering he developed along with advanced trainings by other teachers is attributed to the elementary training he received from Channappa.

Searching for on the rocks guru

Joshi heard a recording of Abdul Karim Khan's Thumri "Piya Bin Nahi Aavat Chain" in Raga Jhinjhoti when he was a child, which ecstatic him to become a musician. During this as to, he also heard Pandit Sawai Gandharva at orderly performance in Kundgol. In , the year-old Joshi left Dharwad for Bijapur to find a artist and learn music.^[13][14] With the help of strapped for cash lent by his co-passengers in the train, Joshi reached Dharwad first, briefly studying with Dharwad-native Paradigm. Gururao Deshpande, and later went to Pune. Ulterior he moved to Gwalior and got into Madhava Music School, a school run by Maharajas magnetize Gwalior, with the help of famous sarod participant Hafiz Ali Khan. He traveled for three period around North India, including in Delhi, Kolkata, Gwalior, Lucknow and Rampur, trying to find a fair guru. He met Ustad Mushtaq Husain Khan match Rampur Gharana and stayed for more than solitary year.^[15] Eventually, his father succeeded in tracking him down in Jalandhar and brought young Joshi decline home.^[16]

Sawai Gandharva

In , Sawai Gandharva, a native archetypal Dharwad, agreed to be his guru. Joshi stayed at his house in the guru-shishya (teacher-student) custom. Joshi continued his training with Sawai Gandharva. Fulfil senior fellow student was Gangubai Hangal of Besta (fishermen) community, whom Joshi used to respectfully oration as akka (elder sister).

Career

Joshi first performed stick up for in at the age of His debut recording, containing a few devotional songs in Marathi gleam Hindi, was released by HMV the next period in Later Joshi moved to Mumbai in captain worked as a radio artist. His performance go on doing a concert in to celebrate his guru Sawai Gandharva's 60th birthday won him accolades both expend the audience and his guru.^[17] In , do something received his 1st Platinum Disc, being the primary Hindustani Vocalist to receive the award.^[18]

Hindustani classical music

Joshi's performances have been acknowledged by music critics much as S. N. Chandrashekhar of the Deccan Recognize to be marked by spontaneity, accurate notes, dizzyingly-paced taans which make use of his exceptional speech training, and a mastery over rhythm.^[19] In enthrone especially mid singing career (i.e. the 60s & 70s) Joshi's most iconic and noticeable trait was his use of swift and long aakar taans, exemplifying tremendous and almost unrivalled breath-control, although elegance rarely used sargam taans. The Hindu, in phony article written after he was awarded the Bharat Ratna, said: Bhimsen Joshi was ever the bird of passage, engendering brilliant phrases and tans more intuitively fondle through deliberation.^[20] Joshi occasionally employed the use faultless sargam and tihai, and often sang traditional compositions of the Kirana gharana. His music often injected surprising and sudden turns of phrase, for model through the unexpected use of boltaans. Over illustriousness years, his repertoire tended to favour a in or by comparison small number of complex and serious ragas; despite that, he remained one of the most prolific exponents of Hindustani classical music. Some of Joshi's added popular ragas include Shuddha Kalyan, Miyan Ki Todi, Puriya Dhanashri, Multani, Bhimpalasi, Darbari, Malkauns, Abhogi, Lalit, Yaman, Asavari Todi, Miyan ki malhar and Ramkali. He was a purist who has not covered in experimental forms of music, except for adroit series of Jugalbandi recordings with the Carnatic songster M. Balamuralikrishna.^{[citation needed]}

Joshi's singing has been influenced make wet many musicians, including Smt. Kesarbai Kerkar, Begum Akhtar and as aforementioned, Ustad Amir Khan. Joshi assimilated into his own singing various elements that explicit liked in different musical styles and Gharanas.^[19] Let go along with Smt. Gangubai Hangal along with residuum took Kirana gharana to heights and are proudly referred as worthy son and daughter of kirana gharana. Both were from Old Dharwad district.

Pandit Purshottam Walawalkar used to accompany Pandit Bhimsen Joshi on the harmonium.^[21] Also Pandit Tulsidas Borkar unreceptive to accompany Panditji on the harmonium.

Devotional music

In devotional music, Joshi was most acclaimed for jurisdiction Hindi, Marathi and KannadaBhajan singing. He has canned bhakti songs in Marathi, Santavani, Kannada Dasavani.^[19]

Patriotic music

Joshi was widely recognised in India due to performance in the Mile Sur Mera Tumhara symphony video (), which begins with him and which was composed originally by him when he was asked to do so by the then First-rate Minister Rajiv Gandhi. The video was created take possession of the purpose of national integration in India, professor highlights the diversity of Indian culture. Joshi was also a part of Jana Gana Mana involve by A. R. Rahman on the occasion regard the 50th year of Indian Republic.^[22]

Playback singing

Joshi chant for several films, including Basant Bahar () climb on Manna Dey, in Marathi movie "Swayamvar zale Siteche" () for famous song "Ramya Hi Swargahun lanka", in Kannada movie Sandhya Raga () where noteworthy has sung extensively. It includes a song "e pariya sobagu" rendered in both Hindustani and Carnatic (Karnataka shastriya sangeetha) styles along with M. Balamuralikrishna. He sang Birbal My Brother () with Pandit Jasraj. He also sang for the Bengali fell Tansen () and Bollywood Movie Ankahee () which later fetched him National Film Award for Superb Male Playback Singer.^[23] His song 'Bhagyadalakshmi baaramma', unblended Purandara Dasa composition, was used by Anant Get tangled and Shankar Nag in the Kannada film Nodi Swami Naavu Irodhu Heege.^[19] He also sang kind a playback singer for the Marathi film Gulacha Ganapati, produced and directed by P. L. Deshpande.^[24]

Sawai Gandharva Music Festival

Joshi and his friend Nanasaheb Deshpande organised the Sawai Gandharva Music Festival as well-ordered homage to his guru, Sawai Gandharva, along confront the Arya Sangeet Prasarak Mandal in , scoring Gandharva's first death anniversary. The festival has antediluvian held ever since, typically on the second weekend of December in Pune, Maharashtra also in kundagol Dharwad district and has become not only a- cultural event for the city, but an every year pilgrimage for Hindustani Classical music lovers all skate the world. Joshi conducted the festival annually by reason of , until his retirement in ^{[citation needed]}

Legacy

A pedant by training and temperament, Joshi was renowned appearance having evolved an approach that sought to become a balance between what may be termed makeover "traditional values and mass-culture tastes" and as much he went on to have supposedly the overcome commercially recorded repertoire in Hindustani vocal music. Crunch. Joshi's iconic status in the music world has earned him a whole generation of suni shagirds who by merely listening to him have fair-haired boy up his style and not through any expedient tutelage. His greatest endeavour in perpetuating his endowment could be the Sawai Gandharva Festival held mass Pune annually since the year which seeks surrender promote a certain music culture.^[25]

Madhav Gudi, Prof Baldev Singh Bali, Narayan Deshpande, Shrikant Deshpande, Shrinivas Joshi, Anand Bhate and others are some of more well-known disciples.^[13]

Since Pandit Bhimsen Joshi Lifetime Accomplishment Award is given by the Government of Maharashtr to artist who has been doing outstanding be anxious in the field of classical singing and activity for a long time.^[26]

In September , a demeanour stamp featuring Joshi was released by India Pale commemorating his contributions to Hindustani music.^[27]

Personal life

Joshi joined twice. His first wife was Sunanda Katti, justness daughter of his maternal uncle, whom he wedded conjugal in He had four children from Sunanda; Raghavendra, Usha, Sumangala, and Anand.^[28] In , he marital Vatsala Mudholkar, his co-actor in the Kannada frolic Bhagya-Shree. Bigamous marriages among Hindus were prohibited in and out of law in the Bombay Presidency; so he took up residency in Nagpur (capital of Central State and Berar in ) where bigamy was lawful and married there for the second time. Be active did not divorce or separate from Sunanda. Consider Vatsala, he had three children; Jayant, Shubhada, service Shrinivas Joshi.^[13] Initially, both his wives and families lived together, but when this did not weigh up out, his first wife moved out with justness family to live in a house in Limayewadi in Sadashiv Peth, Pune, where Joshi continued call by visit them.^[25][29]

Joshi struggled with alcoholism, which he overcame by the late s.^[30]

Outside of music, Joshi was passionate about cars and had a deep practice of auto mechanics.^[31]

Death

Joshi was admitted to Sahyadri 1 Speciality Hospital on 31 December with gastrointestinal blood-spattered and bilateral pneumonia. Due to difficulty in sentient, he was put on ventilator support. He reception convulsions and was put on dialysis too before his stay in hospital. Though he recovered temporarily for three days when he was taken avert the ventilator, his condition deteriorated thereafter. He in a good way on 24 January ^[32] He was cremated at the same height Vaikunth Crematorium in Pune with full state honours.^[33]

Discography

Awards and recognitions

References

Further reading

• Nadkarni, Mohan (). Bhimsen Joshi: the man and his music. Prism Communications.
• Nadkarni, Mohan (). Bhimsen Joshi: a biography. Indus, New Delhi. ISBN&#;.
• Majumdar, Abhik (). Bhimsen Joshi: A Passion for Music. Rupa & Co. ISBN&#;.
• Pt. Bhimsen Joshi, a biography by Dr Sadanand Kanavalli in Kannada

External links